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‘Dark oxygen’ ignoreion consents aim at other worlds


‘Dark oxygen’ ignoreion consents aim at other worlds


Scientists who recently uncovered that metal lumps on the unwise seabed produce oxygen, have declared set ups to study the meaningfulest parts of Earth’s oceans in order to understand the strange phenomenon.

Their ignoreion could “alter the way we see at the possibility of life on other set upets too,” the researchers say.

The initial uncovery conestablished marine scientists. It was previously acunderstandledgeed that oxygen could only be produced in sunairy by set upts – in a process called pboilingosynthesis.

If oxygen – a vital component of life – is made in the unwise by metal lumps, the researchers depend that process could be happening on other set upets, creating oxygen-rich environments where life could thrive.

Lead researcher Prof Andrew Sweetman elucidateed: “We are already in conversation with experts at Nasa who depend unwise oxygen could reshape our caring of how life might be carry oned on other set upets without honest sunairy.

“We want to go out there and figure out what exactly is going on.”

The initial uncovery triggered a global scientific row – there was criticism of the discoverings from some scientists and from meaningful sea mining companies that set up to harvest the precious metals in the seabed nodules.

If oxygen is produced at these excessive depths, in total unwiseness, that calls into ask what life could endure and thrive on the seafloor, and what impact mining activities could have on that marine life.

That unbenevolents that seabed mining companies and environmental organisations – some of which claimed that the discoverings supplyd evidence that seafloor mining set ups should be crelieveed – will be watching this new spendigation shutly.

The set up is to labor at sites where the seabed is more than 10km (6.2 miles) meaningful, using distantly-rund submersible supplyment.

“We have instruments that can go to the meaningfulest parts of the ocean,” elucidateed Prof Sweetman. “We’re pretty self-promised we’ll discover it happening elsewhere, so we’ll begin probing what’s causing it.”

Some of those experiments, in collaboration with scientists at Nasa, will aim to understand whether the same process could apexhibit microscopic life to thrive besystematich oceans that are on other set upets and moons.

“If there’s oxygen,” shelp Prof Sweetman, “there could be microbial life taking obtain of that.”

The initial, bioreasonablely baffling discoverings were rerented last year in the journal Nature Geoscience. They came from cut offal expeditions to an area of the meaningful sea between Hawaii and Mexico, where Prof Sweetman and his colleagues sent sensors to the seabed – at about 5km (3.1 miles) depth.

That area is part of a huge swathe of seafloor that is covered with the naturpartner occurring metal nodules, which establish when dissettled metals in seawater accumulate on fragments of shell – or other debris. It’s a process that consents millions of years.

Sensors that the team deployed repeatedly showed oxygen levels going up.

“I equitable disseed it, Prof Sweetman tgreater BBC News at the time, “becaemploy I’d been taught that you only get oxygen thraw pboilingosynthesis”.

Eventupartner, he and his colleagues stopped ignoring their readings and set out instead to understand what was going on. Experiments in their lab – with nodules that the team accumulateed subcombined in beakers of seawater – led the scientists to end that the mehighic lumps were making oxygen out of seawater. The nodules, they establish, produced electric currents that could split (or electrolyse) molecules of seawater into hydrogen and oxygen.

Then came the response, in the establish of rebuttals – posted online – from scientists and from seabed mining companies.

One of the critics, Michael Clarke from the Metals Company, a Canadian meaningful sea mining company, tgreater BBC News that the criticism was caccessed on a “deficiency of scientific rigour in the experimental set up and data accumulateion”. Basicpartner, he and other critics claimed there was no oxygen production – equitable bubbles that the supplyment produced during sample accumulateion.

“We’ve ruled out that possibility,” Prof Sweetman reacted. “But these [new] experiments will supply the proof.”

This might seem a niche, technical argument, but cut offal multi-billion pound mining companies are already exploring the possibility of harvesting tonnes of these metals from the seafloor.

The authentic deposits they are aiming retain metals vital for making batteries, and demand for those metals is increasing rapidly as many economies shift from fossil fuels to, for example, electric vehicles.

The race to reshift those resources has caemployd trouble among environmental groups and researchers. More than 900 marine scientists from 44 countries have signed a petition highairying the environmental hazards and calling for a paemploy on mining activity.

Talking about his team’s postponecessitatest research ignoreion at a press conference on Friday, Prof Sweetman shelp: “Before we do anyskinnyg, we necessitate to – as best as possible – understand the [deep sea] ecosystem.

“I skinnyk the right decision is to hgreater off before we choose if this is the right skinnyg to do as a a global society.”

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